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Nutrition of Multigrain
Resan Multigrain with Tiger Milk Mushroom contains 29 types of grains all in one sachet. The grains used are brown rice, red rice, black rice, glutinous rice, oat bran, oat, wheat, wheat germ, barley, corn, quinoa, sesame, millet, red bean, green bean, black soybean, soy bean, lotus seed, walnut, medlar, poria, lily bulb, lilyturf, Euryale seed, sago starch, Chinese yam, purple sweet potato, cereal malt extract and soybean powder. In addition to those, multivitamin (vitamin A, D3, biotin, panthothenic acid, thiamine, vitamin B12, B2, B6, C, calcium, iodine iron, magnesium, phosphorus, selenium and zinc) and tiger milk mushroom are also incorporated in this product.
i) Source of complex carbohydrates, proteins, minerals and vitamins
– provides energy over a longer time period
Apart from balanced nutrition, multigrain foods provide a variety of bioactive compounds, flavours, as well as improve sensory quality of the product and its texture. Foods containing multigrain are generally rich in complex carbohydrates and protein. Complex carbohydrates are handy for energy production, and this can aid with exercise and losing weight. Multigrain foods break down slower hence they can provide energy over a longer time period. Meanwhile adequate protein levels play a vital role in tissue repair and antibodies production that will support in the combat against sickness or infection.
Undoubtedly, multigrain ingredients offer a rich supply of dietary fibres. They are classified as insoluble fibre and soluble fibre based on their solubility in water. Soluble fibre generally slows down the release of glucose into the bloodstream by forming a viscous layer on the intestinal walls. It increases insulin sensitivity by lowering glycaemic response. By virtue of its viscosity soluble fibre increases the gastric emptying time and provides a feeling of fullness for longer duration.
The various ingredients of this Resan Multigrain with Tiger Milk Mushroom product offer rich supply of minerals, vitamins, fatty acids and antioxidants that can make a strong contribution to human nutrition.
ii) Rich in bioactive compounds associated to risk reduction of chronic diseases
A systematic review by Okarter N et al revealed that there is an association between increase consumption of whole grains and reduced risk of major chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type II diabetes, and some cancers. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that consumption of whole grains is associated with reduced risk of CVD. A recent meta-analysis conducted by Aune D et al published that there is an inverse association between whole grain intake and outcomes of several major chronic diseases, including coronary heart disease, stroke, CVD overall, total cancer, and all-cause mortality as well as less common causes of death such as from respiratory disease, diabetes, infectious disease, and all non-cardiovascular, non-cancer causes.
• The rice bran in brown rice is rich in γ-oryzanol, which is responsible for many pharmacological properties, such as cholesterol lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and antioxidant activities.5-7
• The potentially beneficial effect of red and black rice consumption would be to improve the lipid profile and protect against oxidative stress, thus retarding atherosclerotic formation and development.8
• Millet is rich in niacin (vitamin B3). As a supplement, nicotinic acid is a form of niacin used to reduce cholesterol levels and risks of CVD.9
• Vitamins B and E and minerals like calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc are naturally found in most non-whole grain cereals (such as oat bran, wheat germ, barley, quinoa, sesame, red bean, green bean, black soybean, soy bean, lotus seed, walnut, medlar, poria, lily bulb, lilyturf, Euryale seed, sago starch and Chinese yam).10
• Barley is known to be the only grain that have all eight vitamers (lipid-soluble compounds) of vitamin E.3
• Sesamin, a major lignan of sesame seeds, exerts multiple functions, including antihyper-tensive effect, and cholesterol, lipid-lowering, and anticancer activities.13
• Quinoa is rich in lysine content which renders it more nutritious compared to vegetables.14 Quinoa grain contains high amylose content with fully-enriched carbohydrate along with starch and sugar.
• Oats is particularly high in soluble fibre, β-glucan, protein, lipids and specific micronutrients, as well as appears as a unique source of polyphenols known as avenanthramides, that has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic and antioxidant properties.11,12
• The Chinese herb ‘‘Lian-Zi’’, which is the seed of the plant Nelumbo nicifera (lotus), has been used for medicinal purposes as an astringent, tonic, and sedative in oriental countries. It was reported that lotus seed extracts might act as chemo-preventers through reduction of excess amounts of nitric oxide.15
• A study published in the British Journal of Nutrition showed that the risk of coronary heart disease is 37% lower for those consuming nuts more than four times per week, compared to those who never or rarely consumed nuts.16
• In another study published in 2013, it was suggested that walnut oil can benefit endothelial function and whole walnuts can enhance the process of eliminating LDL cholesterol.17
• Sengul M et al. reported that the medlar fruits were found to be rich in terms of potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and iron.18
• Findings from the study by Khan I et al. suggested that the polysaccharides from the poria mushroom (also known as “Fu Ling”) display prebiotic effect through the modulation of gut microbiota composition.19
• Lily bulbs, known as “Bai He” are said to have calcium, iron, phosphorus, folate, potassium and vitamins B1, B2 and C. Known to have sweet and slightly cold properties, lily bulbs are associated with the lung and heart meridians. Lily bulbs are used to relieve coughs, dry throats and other respiratory conditions, to clear away heat, and to treat insomnia and heart palpitations. Its tonic properties make it a good herb for promoting restful sleep and treating restlessness and irritability.20
• Known in Chinese as “Duanting Shanmaidong”, the lilyturf has saponins which made up the main components of its tube of Liriope muscari which is widely used in the traditional Chinese medicine to cure acute and chronic inflammation and cardiovascular diseases for thousands of years.21
• Lee SE et al. reported that extracts from the Euryale ferox seed have high levels radical scavenging activity, inhibit lipid peroxidation, promote cell viability, protect H2O2-induced apoptosis and enhance the effects of various antioxidant enzymes, which is strongly supported by the findings that is highly suggestive of its antioxidant activity.22
The Chinese yam “shan yao” contains a variety of phytochemicals, including sapogenins, saponins, starch, mucopolysaccharides, protein, and amino acids.23 It has been reported that diosgenin, a major yam-derived sapogenin, possess a variety of biological activities, including anti-diarrhoea, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, hypocholestero-laemia, hypoglycaemia and immunomodulation.24,25
• Purple sweet potato is a functional food rich in phenolic pigment “anthocyanins” that possess disease-preventive properties. Anthocyanins are known to possess potent antidiabetic properties.26 Purple sweet potato is reported to possess much higher anthocyanins content than others.27
• Soybean represents an excellent source of high-quality protein, it has a low content in saturated fat, it contains a great amount of dietary fibre and its isoflavone content makes it singular among other legumes.28
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